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Planar Magnetic Loudspeakers and Ribbon Tweeters

Planar magnetic drivers and ribbon tweeters have numerous advantages over traditional dynamic speakers. Their large diaphragms require only a tiny amount of movement (excursion) to reproduce the same volume as a conventional driver, resulting in very low distortion.

They also have dipolar radiation patterns meaning they radiate equally in front and planar magnetic speakers behind the speaker.

High-Resolution Sound

They are known for producing precise, detailed sound effects. They are renowned for their high-resolution sound that reveals subtle variations in music that other drivers aren't able to reproduce or show.

Ribbon and planar drivers are not only accurate, but also offer superior soundstages, allowing them to recreate a vast soundstage with incredible clarity. This makes them a great choice for audiophiles and home theatre enthusiasts who want to listen to music to the highest level possible.

A key feature of ribbon and planar magnetic iem drivers is their dipole radiation pattern which emits equal energy both front and rear with inverted phase to create an incredibly spacious and natural soundstage. This, along with their wide dispersion, makes them suitable for large spaces, where they can fill the room with wide and natural soundstage, while avoiding unnatural reflections off walls and furniture.

Planar magnetic drivers have a rapid response time which allows them to reproduce transients more precisely and quickly than cone drivers. This produces a clear and detailed sound, even at high frequencies.

Another advantage of planar magnetic drivers is their low distortion. This is due to the fact that they do not employ an actual voice coil, but instead an electrostatic field. This allows the diaphragms to move without causing vibrations that can cause unwanted distortion.

In addition, the gap between the magnets in a planar driver is much larger than in a traditional cone speaker. This allows for a better bass performance and a higher frequency response even at low levels of amplitude.

While the benefits of planar magnetic drivers appeal to you, they do have some limitations that need to be taken into consideration. For example, they can be quite expensive and may require more power than other types of speakers. They are also heavy which makes it difficult to fit into certain areas. Additionally, they are sensitive to the acoustics of the room and require extensive room treatment to ensure the best performance. There are solutions to lessen the effects. For instance, you can add an attenuation resistance (provided by speakers) and put it in the attenuation mode. Or, you can use a variety of room treatment.

Wide Dispersion

Like electrostatic speakers, planar magnetic speakers produce sound by controlling the electrical current passing through wires that are suspended between magnets. However they directly vibrate a flat diaphragm, rather than an electrostatic charge, which allows for a much larger surface area and greater precision. This operational principle also allows them to be built them into smaller, less expensive speakers and headphones than electrostatic models.

Planar drivers are not just capable of dispersing sound efficiently and efficiently, but also provide better image and clarity at higher frequencies. This is an excellent benefit for audiophiles who enjoy watching music or films on large screens or in a large open space.

Additionally, planar drivers are capable of producing very deep bass because they can be enhanced by boxed woofers that are connected to or independent of the ribbon-like diaphragm. This is in contrast to traditional cone speaker woofers that are usually located at the bottom of the cabinet, a location which is unable to reproduce bass frequencies because of the physical constraints of the enclosure for the woofer.

Another advantage of the planar driver is that it has exceptionally low distortion, which is directly related to the size and excursion of the ribbon-like diaphragm. A planar speaker can produce a huge volume of sound without distortion. This is the reason that the sound quality is so clear and precise.

Dynamic drivers in conventional speakers and headphone typically exhibit significant distortion when they are driven to their maximum excursion limits. As a result, dynamic drivers often produce a hollow or boomy sound.

Additionally, planar magnetic drivers are also extremely efficient. They require less energy to drive, which results in lower power consumption and environmental impact. Their diaphragms that are generally lighter than conventional speakers, also reduce the amount of energy required to propel them in order to create a certain sound pressure.

Many audiophiles have heard of planar/ribbon speakers such as those manufactured by Magnepan Infinity and Apogee Acoustics. However, an entirely new brand is on the market. For instance new planar loudspeakers made by manufacturers such as Diptyque and Clarisys Audio are incorporating the most recent advancements in ribbon technology.

Low Distortion

Since planar magnetic speakers do not have a cone or dome shaped diaphragm they produce extremely low distortion. This is a direct result of their unique design which eliminates the voice coil inductance associated with conventional dynamic speakers (see U.S. Patent 6,353,560). This results in the diaphragm never being out of phase with its surrounding magnetic field, which results in an unchanging output level. Distortion is generally only noticeable when large waveforms are reproduced. With a single-ended planar magnetic driver distortion is virtually nonexistent at all frequencies above the bass.

planar earphones magnetic loudspeakers are very efficient and have a low distortion. This enables the drive to be used with much less power than is normally required by other types of speakers. This results in lower operating costs and lower energy consumption.

The distortion of planar magnetic drivers is also significantly less than that of conventional dynamic speakers, and more than electrostatic speakers. This is due to the fact that a planar magnet driver's flat diaphragm is equipped with a conductor trace that allows it react to magnetic fields generated on either side.

The two magnets must be placed so that the voice element stays in the magnetic field optimally at all times. This is what allows for the extremely linear performance of planar magnetic drivers in all frequencies above the bass.

There are numerous benefits to planar magnetic drivers, the most notable is that they are able to be designed to be either dipole (radiating equally and in opposing phases both in front and back of the speaker, like an ESL) or monopole (radiating forward, similar to a traditional dynamic). This opens the door to an array of possible designs, especially when coupled with a ribbon tweeter.

There are a variety of planar magnetic loudspeakers available today, from brands such as Hifiman Dan Clark Audeze and Fostex. Each company has a signature sound that results of their unique design of drivers as well as other engineering breakthroughs. The commonality of these speakers is their incredible clarity, dynamics, and controlled directivity.

High Power Handling

Planar magnetic drivers can handle large amounts of power without the audible strain or stress that can be caused by traditional dynamic speakers with moving coils. The "voice coil" is not squeezed into the tiny gap between the baskets and cones like in traditional dynamic drivers. Instead it is spread out over an area larger. This gives the voice coil more surface area to absorb any heat.

Planar drivers can handle such a large amount of power because they are lightweight compared to conventional drivers. Dynamic drivers feature diaphragms that are heavy and thick. They are several orders of magnitude thicker and heavier than the ultra-light diaphragms found in planar magnetic drives. Because of their mass, conventional diaphragms need a greater amount of force to move forwards and backwards (a measurement known as excursion) to create a certain level of sound pressure.

As a result, they can't be driven as effectively as the planar magnetic driver because the voice coil could begin to produce significant amounts of distortion. This is the reason it's essential to purchase only loudspeakers that are designed for the amplifier you plan to drive them with.

The high excitation of a planar magnetic driver enables it to generate a much larger soundstage than conventional drivers. This is due to the diaphragm's vibration evenly and flat to create waves, instead of the spherical wavefront common with conventional drivers. This larger soundstage also increases the precision and planar magnetic speakers clarity of the speakers and allows them to better reproduce subtle nuances and complex sounds.

The disadvantage of the superior power handling of planar magnetic drivers is that they are typically more expensive to make and require more powerful amplifiers to operate at full capacity. They can also be quite heavy and bulky and can be difficult to install in certain locations. It is also possible to add a subwoofer if you want to get satisfactory results at lower frequencies.