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"proxy" refers to a proxy server "proxy" refers to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is software that acts acting as a mediator between server and client on the internet. Without a proxy, a user would send a request for any source direct to a server, and it would then serve the requested resource directly back towards the customer. This is not difficult to understand and implement, using proxies can provide benefits that include improved performance, privacy, security and more. As a pass-through layer, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet, separating servers and clients.

The general combination of hardware used by servers and proxy software installed is commonly referred to as proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers which are generally described in terms of software and those that are used to complement web servers. The article will offer a description of two types of proxy servers, specifically the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage that could be confusing because of the overlap in terminology.

This article will give you an idea of the what proxies as well as their subtypes are and their value in the typical settings. After reading this article, you will be able recognize situations where an effective proxy can be advantageous, and decide on the most suitable choice between forward and reverse proxy in any circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

In other words forward proxy also called an open proxy is an agent for the user trying to send requests online to an origin server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests by the user will be directed by an forward proxy. In this situation, the forward proxy acting on behalf of the client will examine the request. In the beginning it will decide if it is allowed to send requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it can either reject requests or redirect them to the source server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly; it has access only to what the forward proxy permits it to connect to.

The primary reason for people to use forward proxies is for more privacy or security online. A forward proxy uses the internet on behalf of an individual client and when it does this it could use an IP address different from the original IP address used by the user.

Based on the way it's configured depending on the way it's set up, forward proxy could perform a variety of capabilities, including the capability of:

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  Beware of ad-tracker.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can identify restrictions based on where you live.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used in systems to provide central security, as well as access granted on a permission basis, like, in a workplace. When all traffic on the internet flows through the common forward proxy layer, administrators may permit only a few clients online access that is blocked by a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in clients, that can be used by multiple computer that have different configurations, users A firewall could be put in this forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind that forward proxy servers need to be manually configured before they can be utilized and reverse proxies can be ignored by clients. Depending on whether the IP address of the client is transferred to the server that is being used through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.

There are a myriad of options to take into consideration for forward proxies.

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open source web server which provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another renowned open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy utilizing the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't have the full web server system. Check out our guide on the most efficient way to install Squid proxy to connect private networks for Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy, which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this makes it better to handle situations like peer-to-peer traffic. You could also look into how to configure Dante proxy to allow connection to private networks in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server and handles requests made by clients on its behalf. The web server could function as a single server, or multiple servers. It can also include an application servers, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, a request could be made by a user of the internet. In most cases, the request will be sent directly to the web server that holds the data the client wants. In contrast, a reverse proxy is a intermediary, isolating the web server from direct interaction with the open internet.

From the point of view of the client, interacting using reverse proxy isn't any different from the interaction directly with an internet server. It's the same, however clients aren't able to tell the difference. The client makes a request for the resource, and is then provided with it, without any extra configuration required for the customer.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Security centralized for web servers.
  
  
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  Incoming traffic is directed by rules you set up.
  
  
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  Additional features for caching.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxies, reverse proxies provide this feature to that layer on the webserver and not to the client layer. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls at the server layer, that could include several servers that have various configurations, the bulk of firewall security could be directed at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and coordinating requests from clients away from web servers enables the firewall to focus on supplying the required resources.

If there are multiple servers that are running in a reverse proxy the reverse proxy may also be responsible for directing which requests go towards which servers. There could be multiple web servers running from the same host, serving different kinds of services or a combination of the two. These servers use the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server. However, they could also be equipped with other protocols for application servers such as FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy that directs clients to specific servers in accordance with the resource being requested or to comply with certain guidelines regarding the traffic load.

Reverse proxies are also able to take advantage of their location ahead of web servers by using caching functions. The large static files can be set up with caching policies to avoid hitting web servers with each request, with some solutions allowing you to serve static content without needing to connect to the website server at all. Furthermore the reverse proxy is capable of handling compression of these assets.

The popular Nginx web server is also used as an effective reverse proxy service. While Apache is also a reverse proxy solution and this Apache web server also includes reverse proxy capabilities, and can be a second option for Apache however Nginx was initially designed for and specifically focuses on reverse proxy capabilities.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use Cases

Because "forward" and "reverse" are both associated with the notion of directionality and false connections with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic the names could be confusing since both types of proxy are able to handle requests as well as responses. The best method to distinguish between both forward and reverse proxy services is to think about the needs of the application that you are developing.

A reverse proxy could be helpful when you are developing a solution to serve websites on the internet. They act as your web server in any interactions through the Internet.

A forward proxy is useful when presented to customers for your personal use, or even in a corporate setting. They represent your clients for any interaction on the internet.

Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the similar naming conventions will assist you in making sure that there is no confusion.

Conclusion

This article explains what is a "proxy" is and the two types that are the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for its use and an exploration of beneficial features were used to distinguish different types of proxies: forward and reverse. If you're interested exploring how to make proxies work, check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as reverse and web server proxy on Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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